Description

Mercilon is an oral contraceptive for women. The active ingredients: Desogestrel and Ethinylestradiol.

Pharmacodynamics

One of the active substances of Mercilon tabs, Desogestrel, has a concentration effect, which is achieved mainly by inhibiting ovulation and also increases the viscosity of cervical mucus. The use of Desogestrel reduces the level of estradiol in the liquid part of the blood to a level that corresponds to the early follicular phase. It does not affect carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and changes in the biological system that ensures the maintenance of normal blood viscosity. After entering the body, it is quickly absorbed into the chemical Etonogestrel, the bioequivalence of which is reached in the blood after about 2 hours. It binds more to blood proteins and less to globulin, which impacts sex hormone binding.

Another active ingredient of Mercilon is Ethinyl Estradiol, which also has a rapid and absolute absorption effect, whose bioequivalence in blood fluid is reached within 2 hours. Complete absorption of the substance during presystemic metabolism is about 60%. This active substance has a strong binding effect with serum albumin and increases the increase in serum concentration of sex hormone binding. The distribution of Ethinylestradiol takes place in the mucosa of the small intestine and in the liver. The level of presence of this substance in the liquid part of the blood decreases during the day. It is excreted from the body in an altered form with urine and bile.

The combination of these two active substances in Mercilon tablets increases the effectiveness of the drug

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Pharmacological action

Mercilon has a contraceptive effect based on the interaction of various factors, such as reduction of pain during menstruation, reduction of premenstrual syndromes, protects against pregnancy.

There is also evidence that Mercilon, can reduce the risk of tumors in the female reproductive organs and mammary glands, as well as reduce the development of iron deficiency anemia during heavy menstruation.

Although Mercilon is quite effective in inhibiting ovulation, if abdominal pain occurs, a diagnosis should be made to rule out an ectopic pregnancy. In patients who tend to disturb the formation of melanin pigment in the direction of increasing, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight and not to use a solarium during the use of the drug.

It should also be considered that the use of any hormonal contraceptives may affect the effectiveness of other drugs. Because of this, the concentration of the liquid part of the blood and tissues may both increase and decrease. When prescribing this medication, the prescriber should discuss the possibility of various complications with each individual patient and determine the likelihood of risk versus benefit of the medication. If the patient decides to take the drug, it should be monitored regularly and in case of deterioration consider its discontinuation.

What does Mercilon using for?

Mercilon should be taken on the first day of menstruation, one tablet a day, at the same time, for 21 days. The sequence of intake is indicated on the package. Mercilon should be taken without crushing, with water if necessary. After 21 days of taking Mercilon, take a one-week break. During this seven-day interval, a menstrual-like reaction occurs, which may be less abundant than usual and longer. Menstruation usually occurs on the 2nd or 3rd day after the 21-day course. After a one-week break, you should restart taking a new pack of Mercilon. You may also start taking Mercilon tablets immediately after a pregnancy termination in the first trimester. If you miss taking the tablets, you can use the following recommendations:

Side effects of Mercilon

• Soreness, increase, appearance of mammary gland secretion
• Vaginal discharge
• Change of appetite
• Sleeplessness or lethargy
• Increased body temperature
• Migraine pains
• dullness
• Nausea, vomiting
• Menstrual disorders
• Change of body weight
• Swelling
• Change in blood composition
• Change of libido
• Increase in blood viscosity

Mechanism of action of Desogestrel/Ethinyl Estradiol

The combination Desogestrel Ethinyl Estradiol belongs to the group of estrogen-gestagen contraceptive hormones.

Ethinyl estradiol is related to the endogenous hormone estradiol from the estrogenic group. Desogestrel is a gestagen (corpus luteum hormone) and is similar to progesterone.

Normally, the interaction of estrogen and progesterone helps prepare the body for pregnancy, ovulation, and the phase of a woman’s menstrual cycle. It happens because these hormones have been released in different amounts on certain days of the cycle.

With the Desogestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol (Mercilon) combination, the body receives increased amounts of estrogen and progesterone. Thus, the body identifies the increased number of hormones as the beginning of pregnancy. As a result, ovulation has been suppressed and there is no thickening of the mucous membrane of the uterus, which is necessary for egg implantation.

Desogestrel also thickens the mucus at the entrance of the uterus, which makes it difficult for sperm to enter. Due to its positive effect on the uterine mucosa, Desogestrel also counteracts cycle irregularities.

Dosage of Mercilon

The pills should be taken orally according to the instructions, daily, trying to take them at the same time as yesterday.

One tablet of Mercilon contains 20 mcg of Ethinylestradiol and 150 mcg of Desogestrel.

The regimen for taking Mercilon is as follows: 1 tablet per day, starting on the first day of the cycle. The duration of intake is 21 days, then it should be interrupted for a period of seven days, after which the medication has been resumed.

Overdose

No significant adverse effects have been observed in overdose of Mercilon. In rare cases, there may be a feeling of loss of reality and, in younger patients, a slight bloody discharge from the vagina. In case of overdose, suitable support measures should be applied to the body in the hospital.

Contraindications

You should not take Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol under the following conditions:

• Allergy or sensitivity to the ingredients
• Disorders of blood clotting
• Thrombosis
• Impaired cerebral vascular circulation
• Absence of menstrual bleeding, the cause of which is unclear
• Vaginal bleeding for which the cause is unknown
• Pancreatic inflammation

Estrogen-dependent tumors (tumors in which the hormone estrogen plays a role) include, for example, special breast tumors and endometrial tumors.

The hormone medication should be taken with caution for ulcerative colitis; overweight; changes in blood pressure; heart disease; atrial fibrillation (heart arrhythmia); angina; phlebitis; varicose veins; migraine; epilepsy; diabetes; high blood fat concentration.

Children under 18 years of age: in this age group, the drug should not normally be used without medical advice.

The drug should be used with extreme caution in adults over 35 years of age.

Interactions

When several drugs have been used simultaneously, there may be a negative interaction between them. This may change the effect and lead to increased side effects of the drugs.

Smoking while using the drug, may increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and pulmonary embolism.

The contraceptive effect of the Desogestrel Ethinyl Estradiol combination may be reduced or eliminated when some active ingredients have been used together:

• Sleeping pills from the barbiturate group
• Antiepileptic drugs (Barbexaclone, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Primidone, Oxcarbazepine, Topiramate)
• Gout medications (Phenylbutazone)

Treatment with Ethinyl Estradiol can lead to increased levels of thyroid hormones in the blood. This must be considered when examining the thyroid gland.

Rules of storage

Store Mercilon in a dry place where it will not be exposed to strong heat, moisture or direct sunlight at 2-25 °C. Limit access of children to the drug.